У нас: 141825 рефератів
Щойно додані Реферати Тор 100
Скористайтеся пошуком, наприклад Реферат        Грубий пошук Точний пошук
Вхід в абонемент



Реферат - Вуглеводи
9



РПаЎ±б>юяHJюяяяGeяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяямҐБ`шї[bjbjж‡ж‡4|„н„нl! яяяяяя¤RRRRVVVj.#.#.#.#d’#jБ‚(ъ#ўњ%њ%њ%њ%їaїaїa‚‚‚‚‚‚‚$йѓhQ†8B‚9Vebэ[ВїaebebB‚RRњ%њ%a6‚9k9k9kebЁRєњ%Vњ%‚9keb‚9k9kШЂМJVШЃњ%о#P‘€БУ•И.#d¶¤ЃшЃ$‘‚0Б‚ѕЃ‰†Гif‰†4ШЃ‰†VШЃ їaУa9kбaнaxїaїaїaB‚B‚)kїaїaїaБ‚ebebebebjjjД.#jjj.#jjjRRRRRRяяяяTEMA: C3;52>48.C4>20, 2;0AB82>ABV 3;N:>78 V A0E0@>78. ;0AB82>ABV :@>E<0;N.! 1. 70T<>4VO 3;N:>78 7 483V4@>:A84>< <V4V V >:A84>< A@V1;0.% !# 1: # ?@>1V@:C =0;89B5 1 <;, @>7G8=C 3;N:>78, ?@8;89B5 ABV;L:8 6 @>7G8=C W4:>3> =0B@C. > AC<VHV 4>102B5 4-5 :@0?5;L @>7G8=C AC;LD0BC <V4V V =03@V9B5 4> :8?V==O. >OA=VBL A2>W A?>AB5@565==O. !:;04VBL @V2=O==O @50:FVW. >2B>@VBL C B0:V9 A0<V9 ?>A;V4>2=>ABV 4>A;V4 V7 A0E0@>7>N./:89 28A=>2>: =0 ?V4AB02V A?>AB5@565=L <>6=0 7@>18B8? 2. # ?@>1V@:C =0;89B5 5 <; @>7G8=C ;C3C V :8? OBVBL 1-2 E2. VA;O FL>3> @>7G8= 28;89B5, 0 ?@>1V@:C AB0@0==> ?@><89B5 48AB8;L>20=>N 2>4>N. # ?V43>B>2;5=C ?@>1V@:C 2;89B5 0,5-1 <;. 0<V0G=>3> @>7G8=C >:A84C A@V1;0 V 1-2<; @>7G8=C 3;N:>78. !C<VH, =5 71>2BCNG8, =03@V9B5 =0 2>4O=V9 10=V 01> =0 A;01:><C ?>;C< W 307>2>3> ?0;L=8:0. )> A?>AB5@V30TBLAO? 0 I> 2:07CT F59 4>A;V4? /:0 DC=:FV>=0;L=0 3@C?0 2E>48BL 4> A:;04C <>;5:C;8 3;N:>78. >2B>@VBL C B0:V9 A0<V9 ?>A;V4>2=>ABV 4>A;V4 7 A0E0@>7>N. ! 2. 70T<>4VO A0E0@>78 7 3V4@>:A84>< :0;LFVN.% !#: ?@>1V@:C =0;89B5 3 <;. @>7G8=C A0E0@>78, 4>;89B5 ?@81;87=> 2 <; 20?=O=>3> <>;>:0. )> A?>AB5@V30TBLAO? '5@57 @>7G8= ?@>?CABVBL 4V>:A84 2C3;5FN. /:V 7<V=8 2V41C;8AO 2 @>7G8=V?!0E0@>70, O A:;04V <>;5:C;8 O:>W T :V;L:0 3V4@>:A8;L=8E 3@C?, ?>4V1=> 1030B>0B><=8< A?8@B0< 2ABC?0T 2 @50:FVN s 3V4@>:A840<8, CB2>@NNG8 ?>EV4=V 48A0E0@84V2 B8?C 0;:>3>;OBV2 - B0: 720=V A0E0@0B8, !0E0@0B8 4>1@5 @>7G8=ONBLAO C 2>4V. !0E0@0B :0;LFVN - =5B@82:0 A?>;C:0: ?V4 4VTN 4V>:A84C 2C3;5FN V7 A0E0@0BC 284V;OTBLAO 2V;L=0 A0E0@>70, 0 3V4@>:A84 :0;LFVN >A046CTBLAO 4V>:A84>< 2C3;5FN C 283;O4V 4@V1=>:@8AB0;VG=>3> :0@1>=0BC :0;LFVN,! 3. 70T<>4VO :@>E<0;L=>3> :;59AB5@C 7 9>4><.% !#: 0;89B5 ?V2?@>1V@:8 2>48 V 2A8?B5 C 48AB8;L>20=C 2>4C 1;87L:> 0,23, :@>E<0;N. !C<VH 4>1@5 71>2B09B5, 28;89B5 2 ?>AC48=C 7 50 <;. :8?;OG>W 48AB8;L>20=>W 2>48 V AB0@0==> ?5@5<VH09B5. ;89B5 3-4 <; :@>E<0;L=>3> :;59AB5@C 2 ?@>1V@:C, >E>;>4VBL V ?@8;89B5 1 <; 9>4=>W 2>48. )> A?>AB5@V30TBLAO? 03@V9B5 @V48=C 2 ?@>1V@FV 4> :8?V==O V 7=>2C >E>;>4VBL. /: 7<V=8;0AO @V48=0? ! 4. V4@>;V7 :@>E<0;N,% !#: 6 ?@>1V@>: 4> ?>;>28=8 WE >1 T<C =0;89B5 48AB8;L>20=>W 2>48, 2 :>6=C ?@>1V@:C :0?=VBL ?> 2-3 :@0?;V @>7G8=C 9>4C. ;87L:> 2 3 :@>E<0;N 71>2B09B5 2 ?@>1V@FV 7 10 <; 48AB8;L>20=>W 2>48, V 28;89B5 2 :>;1>G:C 7 100 <; :8?;OG>W 48AB8;L>20=>W 2>48. >7G8= 4>1@5 ?5@5<VH09B5. > CB2>@5=>3> :@>E<0;L=>3> :;59AB5@C 4>102B5 2 <; @>7G8=C AV@G0=>W :8A;>B8.3-4 :@0?;V AC<VHV ?5@5=5AVBL C ?5@HC ?@>1V@:C 7 @>7G8=>< 9>4C V AC<VH 71>2B09B5. >BV< 70:@V?VBL :>;1C 2 HB0B82V 70:@V?VBL :>;1C 2 HB0B82V V :8? OBVBL @V48=C. '5@57 :>6=V 2 E2. ?5@5=>ALB5 4> 3-4 :@0?;V AC<VHV 2 >4=C V7 ?@>1V@>: 7 2>4=8< @>7G8=>< 9>4C V ?5@5<VHC9B5 AC<VH 7 ?@>1V@:0E.@8 =03@V20==V :@>E<0;N 7 @>7102;5=>N AV@G0=>N :8A;>B>N :@>E<0;L ?>ABC?>2> 3V4@>;V7CTBLAO.!E5<C 3V4@>;V7C :@>E<0;N <>6=0 7>1@078B8 B0::(!6105)E ( (!6105)n ( (!6105)m @>7G8==89 45:AB@8= :@>E<0;L ( p !122211 ( 2p !6126. <0;LB>70 3;N:>70!:>@>G5=>: (!6105)E + E2 ( x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Єє2N‚„фЬЮрH`РТ°ІґHZІКВФдж"$"$ЮBDFJLNPRTVX^`dfhjlnprvxшоиЮФЮиЮЙЮЙЮјЮёЮЙЮЙЮјЮојЮЙЮЙЮЙЮЙЮиЮиЮиёЮ­Ю­Ю­Ю­и иЮ­Ю­Ю­Ю­и иЮ­jарhВ№CJmHsHhВ№CJH*mH"sH"hВ№hыWУhВ№CJmH"sH"hВ№5ЃCJmH"sH"hыWУCJmH"sH"hВ№CJmH"sH"hВ№CJhВ№CJmHsHhВ№5ЃCJ?$Є2„фЬЮHТHІВжнЫЫЫЕі®ЫЫЕ ~ и к """"" "йдЦИИ¶¶ЦЦЦ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤$„7dh1$7$8$H$`„7a$$„dh1$7$8$H$^„a$$dh1$7$8$H$a$$dh1$7$8$H$a$dh$„Ў„dh1$7$8$H$^„Ў`„a$xz~Ђ‚„†€Љ $ & ( * , . 0 2 4 6 : H њ ћ   ¤ ¦ Ё Є ¬ ® ¶ ё ј ѕ А В Д Ж И К М О Р и к м о р """"*"P#R#Ђ#Ћ#цлцлцлеЬцПеЕецѕцѕПеЕецлцлѕцлеЬцлцлцлцлецлцПеЕцлцлѕцѕеЬЕцЬцЬціцецҐhВ№B*CJmH"phяsH"hВ№5ЃCJmH"sH"hВ№CJH*hВ№CJmHsHjарhВ№CJmHsHhыWУhВ№CJhВ№CJhВ№CJH*mH"sH"hВ№CJmH"sH"A "*"#R#Њ$Ћ$–$%Є%Ж&И&Р&и'”())нПППЅµ¤¤¤Ѕµ‡‡‡‚dh$&FЖ „б„Vюdh1$7$8$H$^„б`„Vюa$$&Fdh1$7$8$H$a$$dha$$„7dh1$7$8$H$`„7a$$&FЖЩS„S„дюdh1$7$8$H$^„S`„дюa$$„7dh1$7$8$H$`„7a$Ћ#Љ$Њ$Ћ$–$Ё%Є%Д&Ж&И&Р&))И)*:";(;¦<Ё<О<Р<Т<Ф<д<ж<и<к<======= ="=$=&=.=0=2=4=Z=црцлцрцрцлцлзцецлцЧцКєЧц°р¦р™Ќ¦рцрц‚ц‚ц‚ц¦рuj"9@hВ№CJUVhВ№CJH*mH"sH"j°hВ№CJEHъяUj9@hВ№CJUVjhВ№CJUhВ№CJmHsHjhВ№CJEHюяUmH"sH"j¬$9@hВ№CJUVjhВ№CJUmH"sH"UhВ№hВ№5ЃhВ№CJhВ№CJmH"sH",)И)Ћ: ;";(;Д;љ<=b=>p?К?М?О?8@Ћ@ў@AA”A–AчжжФПЗЗѕѕѕ№№№№Зѕѕѕѕѕѕdh„7dh^„7&Fdhdh$„7dh1$7$8$H$^„7a$$&Fdh1$7$8$H$a$&FdhV78:>-<5E0=. 2;0AB82>ABV: A8=4V>B>:B8G=89 G8 0B0:B8G=89 ?>;V?@>?V;5= ?/: ?>1C4>20=V 35B5@>;0=FN3>2V ?>;V<5@8, WE ?>4V;. 025AB8 ?> 3 ?@8:;048.!1)> B0:5 F8A V7><5@8 V B@0=A V7><5@8. 025AB8 ?@8:;048 =5=0A8G5=8E 2C3;52.0 =52545=8<8 AE5<0<8 =0?8HVBL @V2=O==O @50:FVW V 2:06VBL ?@>4C:B @50:FVW V 4> O:8E 3@C? 2>=8 2V4=>AOBLAO?0) ! EMBED Equation.3 ! + !l EMBED Equation.3 1) !46 + 2 EMBED Equation.3 2) + 2 EMBED Equation.3 072VBL 70 A8AB5<0B8G=>N =><5=:;0BC@>N B0:V A?>;C:8.0) !49 !25 !3 !2 ! ! = ! ! !2 !2 !3 !37 !3 !25 !31) !25 !3 !3 ! - = ! ! = ! !3 !3 !37!2)> =07820TBLAO 4VT =>28<8 2V3;5C2>4=O<8? 030;L=0 D>@<C;0. 0?8A0B8 AB@C:BC@=C D>@<C;C 35?B04VT=C 1,3; 1CB04VT=C 1,3.0 =02545=8<8 AE5<0<8 =0?8HVBL @V2=O==O @50:FVW V 2:06VBL ?@>4C:B @50:FVW. > O:>W 3@C?8 =5=0A8G5=8E 2C3;52>4=V2 2>=8 2V4=>AOBLAO.0) !2 = ! ! = !2 + // EMBED Equation.3 1) !66 + !l2 EMBED Equation.3 2) !2 = !2 + 2 EMBED Equation.3 072VBL 70 A8AB5<0B8G=>N =><5=:;0BC@>N.0) ! = !2 !25 !49 ! ! EMBED Equation.3 ! ! ! ! !3 !3 !3 !371) !3 !3 !3 - ! = ! ! = ! -


Сторінки: 1 2