РПаЎ±б>юяНПюяяяЛМяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяямҐБ`рїRbjbjж‡ж‡*„н„ндsяяяяяя¤ИИИИИИИЬд8д8д8д8,9TЬСLоp9p9p9p9p9p9p9p9ЈEҐEҐEҐE9ЮE4I4FL$їMh'PjL!Иp9p9p9p9p9jLИИp9p9‹LCCCp9ЪИp9Иp9ЈECp9ЈECCЋЂD›ИИ;Ep9d9Ђ+ИХф’Ид8JB‚EWELЎL0СL+E?QМB.?Q ;E?QИ;Ep9p9Cp9p9p9p9p9jLjLъBp9p9p9СLp9p9p9p9ЬЬЬ„`„ЬЬЬ`ЬЬЬИИИИИИяяяя0NG8 ?5@54 A>1>N Fi;L @>7:@8B8 ?8B0==O "# 2 @>:8 5;8:>W iBBG87=O=>W i9=8" O ?@8B@8<C202AO B0:8E ?@028;:"0: O: >A=>2=8< 465@5;>< i=D>@<0FVW T :=830 (EC4>6=L> ?C1;8F8AB8G=0) "0@0A0 C;L18->@>2FO, "@<iO 157 45@6028", B> <0965 2Ai D0:B8 <>6=0 ?5@52i@8B8 2 Fi9 :=86Fi. I=H0 ;iB5@0BC@0 (A?8A>: ?@82545=> 2 :i=Fi) 28:>@8AB>2C20;0AL 4;O ?5@52i@:8 4>AB>2i@=>ABi 28:;045==8E D0:Bi2.40TBLAO 4;O 1i;LH @0Fi>=0;L=>3> 28:;045==O <0B5@V0;C :>@8ABC20B8AO B0:8< ?;0=><.;0= @5D5@0BC:1. #:@0W=AL:0 =0Fi>=0;L=0 ?>;iB8:0 2 1941 @>Fi.2. 0@B870=AL:0 0:FiO #.3. ;52AL:0 @5A?C1;i:0.4. #:@0W=0 2 1942 @>Fi. "8A>25 1@0BAB2>".5. 2i D078 1>@>BL18 ?@>B8 QB;5@0.6. 5@53>2>@8: "# - @04O=AL:i ?0@B870=8", "# - =i<5FL:0 2;040".7. >@i==89 ?5@5;>< - 1943. 5@53>2>@8 7 ?>;LA:8< ?i4?i;LO<.8. >7:>; # =0 42i 3@C?8.9. 0A>2i 65@B28 5154V2AL:>9 48:B0BC@8.10. >B;>28=0 A<5@Bi.11. >2i C:@0W=>-35@<0=AL:i ?5@53>2>@8. #:@0W=AL:0 0@<iO 2 5@<0=iW.#:@0W=AL:0 =0Fi>=0;L=0 ?>;iB8:0 2 1941 @>Fi.>G0B>: AB02 ?>HB>2E>< 4> =>2>3> @>728B:C ?>4i9 =0 #:@0W=V: ?>2=5 702>N20==O C:@0W=AL:8E 75<5;L =i<FO<8 i 4>A8BL-B0:8 ;i15@0;L=0 ?>;iB8:0 >:C?0Fi9=>9 2;048 4> =0A5;5==O."0:>6 A?>AB5@i30;0AL 0:B82=iABL 2AiE B8E @CEi2, :>B@i ?@8 @04O=AL:i9 2;04i ?@0FN20;8 C ?i4?i;;OE."0 ?5@H5 70E>?;5==O =i<FO<8 ("E09 1C45 A0< G>@B, 018 ;8H5 =5 1i;LH>28:") 7<i=8;>AL 1V;LH @50;8AB8G=8<8 ?>3;O40<8 =0 =>2>O2;5=>3> >:C?0=B0 #:@0W=8. 72O7:C 7 F8< 28=8:0T A8BC0FiO iA=C20==O C:@0W=AL:>W >DiFi0;L=>W i =5>DiFi0;L=>W ?>;iB8:8, :>B@C ?i4B@8<CT C@O4 #:@0W=AL:>W 0@>4=>9 5A?C1;i:8, #, !>N7 >=0@EiABi2. "0 # (!.5=45@8) =5 G5:0NG8 @>728B:C ?>4i9 30 G5@2=O 1941 @>:C ?@>3>;>A8;0 (?@89=O;0) ?>;iB8G=89 0:B:":B ?@>3>;>H5==O #:@0W=AL:>W 45@6028" i ":B :>=A>;i40FiW C:@0W=AL:8E ?>;iB8G=8E A8;". <iAB F8E 4>:C<5=Bi2 70:;NG02AO 2 B><C, I> =5>1Ei4=> B@8<0B8 71@>N 2 @C:0E 4> B8E ?i@, ?>:8 =5 1C45 AB2>@5=0 !C25@5==0 #:@0W=AL:0 2;040. >182AO 0:F5=B =0 A?i;L=C @>1>BC 7 =i<FO<8. &i:025 B5, I> FN i45N AB2>@5==O 2;048 ?i4 =i<5FL:8< ?@>B5:B>@0B>< ?i4B@8<C202 (1;03>A;>282) A0< <8B@>?>;8B (5?5B8FL:89. 0 G>;i 28:>=0==O FL>3> "45:@5B><" !.5B45@8 1C;> ?>AB02;5=> /@>A;020 !B5FL:0. ;5, O: ?>Bi< 28O28;>AL, B> 1C;8 =5A5@9>7=i :@>:8, <8B@>?>;8B0 1C;> 22545=> 2 ><0=C, B0 9 A0<i =i<5FL:i 2;0ABi =5<0NG8 A?>G0B:C =iG>3> ?@>B8 0:BC ?@> C:@0W=AL:C =570;56=C 45@602C, ?>G0;8 ?@>2>48B8 @50:Fi9=i 70E>48 I>4> ";048 !B5FL:0". 0 3>@87>=Bi iAB>@iW 2 B>9 G0A 7'O2;OTBAO I20= 535=40, "59B5=0=B 535=40", ?@>2i4=8: 3@C?8 !.5=45@8, O:89 AB02 <i=iAB@>< ?>;iB8G=>W :>>@48=0FiW C 2V9A:>28E A8;, A2>W<8 C:070<8 =0@>182H89 B0:8E A?@02, I> @5?CB0FiN 0:Bi2 1C;> A8;L=> ?i4<>G5=> (=0?@8:;04, 1C;> 0=C;L>20=> 4-9 C=i25@A0; #:@0W=LA:>9 &5=B@0;L=>W 048 2i4 22.01.1918 @>:C).7030;i Fi C:078 ?i4;O30NBL A?@0254;82>W :@8B8Fi, 1> ?5@5206=> - 2 0=0@EiW i 457>@iT=B0F8iW <0AA, C ?>O2i N@848G=>-45@602=>3> 4C0;i7<C 2>=8 7i3@0;8 3>;>2=C @>;L.&5 265 =5 :06CG8 ?@> WE @>2=C 1573@0<>B<>B=iABL 7 B>G:8 7>@C 70:>==>ABi O: 4i?;><0B8G=>W B0: i @52>;NFi9=>W. V4V9<0;>AL ?8B0==O i ?@> =0Fi>=0;L=C C:@0W=AL:C 0@<iN, >B@89 B56 70;8H82AO =528@iH5==8< G5@57 =5:><?5B5=B=iABL. @50;L=>ABi 6 >A=>2=>N ;i=iTN "5;8:>W ?>;iB8:8" C:@0W=AL:>W 4C<:8 1C;8 =0ABC?=i B578:!C25@5=iB5B #:@0W=8,>@>3 #:@0W=8:- A5@>Ai9A:0 8<?5@iO (i :><<C=i7<);- =>20 >AiO, O:I> =5 2i4<>28BAO 2i4 A2>WE ?@5B5=7i9 =0 #:@0W=C O: =0 A2>N, "70:>==C" G0AB8=C;- 5@<0=iO;- >;LH0;>@>BL10 70 AC25@5=iB5B ;8H 7 ?@8=F8?C 5B=>3@0DiW;@>4>26C20B8 0=B82>@>6C ?@>?030=4C.;5 O: 28O28;>AL =0 4i;i, ;N48 =0 >:C?>20=8E 75<;OE 2i4<56C20;8AO 2i4 ?>;iB8G=8E ?0@B89. "><C ?@>2>48BLAO ?>;iB8:0 70A;0==O "03iB0B>@i2", ":><iAA0@i2" 2 &5=B@0;L=C B0 !Ei4=C G0AB8=C #:@0W=8, ?@8 FL><C OA:@02> 284=> ?@>B8AB>O==O i459 # :@8;> ?i4 3>;>2>N 5;L=8:0 i "5=45@2Fi2". "0 03iB0FiO <0;0 @50;L=i =0A;i4:i (7<i=N20;8AL :04@8 45@602=>3> A5:B>@0). 4=0: =i<Fi 701>@>=8;8 2A5O:i ?>;iB8G=i >@30=i70FiW i "5@6020" !.5=45@8 @>7?0;0AL. "0: G8 i=0:H5, #:@0W=0 2 F59 ?5@i>4 ,=0 <i9 ?>3;O4, =5 <0;0 281>@C: 2 ;N1><C 28?04:C 2>=0 70;8H0;0AL ?i4 2;04>N 5@<0=iW G8 04O=AL:>W >AiW, 28=8:0T 548=> 2i@=0 @50:FiO C:@0W=Fi2 - ?>G8=0TBLAO ?i4?i;L=5 >71@>T==O. A0< C:@0W=AL:89 0=B8:><<C=iAB8G=89 F5=B@ 1C;> @>7?>4i;5=> ?> B0:8< F5=B@0< :- ?>;iAAO (# );- 1C:>28=0 (#);- ;L2i2AL:89 (!.5=45@0).2. 0@B870=AL:0 0:FiO #.22 G5@2=O 1941 @>:C 70<iABL #:@0W=AL:>3> 0F8>=0;L=>3> i4@>465==O 7'O28;0AL #:@0W=AL:0 >2AB0=AL:0 @<iO. i9A:>2i 4iW 254CBLAO 2 >A=>2=><C ?@>B8 . "0:>6 ?@>2>4OBLAO 0:FiW ?> 70E>?;5==N B@0=A?>@B0 i B@C4>@5AC@Ai2 C 1i;LH>28:>2, 71V@ 71@>W. !0@=0E 7'O2;OTBLAO H:>;0 "<i;iFi>=5@i2" :>B@8E 3>BCT 4;O A515 =V<5FL:0 0@<iO. /: AB25@46C5 "..>@>25FL =01i@ #:@0W=Fi2 1C2 "i45>;>3i8G=>" ?V43>B>20=> O: "2>i=V2 >;iAL:>W !5Gi". >@>BH5 :06CG8 F5 1C;0 A?@>10, 28:>@8ABCNG8 <>6;82>AB8 ?i43>B>2:8 1V;LH 2i9A:>2>W =i6 O:>iAL i=LH>W, ?i43>BC20B8 :04@8 4;O C:@0i=AL:>W 0@<iW.5@H0 2i9AL:>20 0:FiO # ?@>E>48;0 =0 B5@8B>@iW >;iAAO, :>B@0 2 ?@i=Fi?i 1C;0 "=iG89=>N 75<;5N". i<Fi AB@8<:> ?@>9H;8 F5 <iAF5, 70;8H82H8 70 A>1>N @>7@i7=O=8 G0AB8=8 @04O=AL:8E 2i9A:, O:8 70B8< AB0;8 >1'T4=C20B8AL 2 ?0@B870=A:i 703>=8. i<Fi =5 1060NBL ?@87=020B8 >;iAL:C !iGL - Bi6 703>=8 <i;iFiW, O:8<8 :5@CT i O:i ?i4;53;8 70:>=0< # . C;> 4>AO3=CB> :><?@><iAC 2 B><C, I> F5 1C45 =0?i22i9A:>20-=0?i2<i;VF59A:0 0:FiO ?> >G8I5==N 2i4 1i;LH>28FL:8E 703>=i2 Fi;>3> >;iAAO. /:I> :>@>B:> >?8A0B8 F59 "35=5@0;L=89 =0ABC?" >B@i<CT<>:AB0=>2;5==O 72'O7:i2 7 i;>@CAiTN (2i44i; A0<>1>@>=8 . >47L:0 i .iBCG8:0);5@53>2>@8 7 !.5=45@>N # (C L2>2i 1C;> 4>AO3=CB> ?>78B82=>W (4;O #) 4><>2=>ABi 7 # );=>;>3iG=89 4>3>2i@ 7 <>=0@EiAB0<8 (?@> CG0ABL <>=0@EiABi2 2 @O4:0E #);"CB =5<>6;82> =5 A:070B8 ?@> B0:C iAB>@8G=C >A>1C O: ?>;:>2=8: 'OG5=:>, :><0=48@ :020;5@i9A:>3> ?>;:C "'>@=8E 0?>@>6Fi2", O:89 AB02 :><048@>< >;iAL:>9 !iGi. A0< C;L10->@>25FL AB02 3>;>2=>:><0=4CNG8< # B0 >:@C6=8< :><5=40=B>< <i;iFiW 2 <. !0@=8. ;5 B@0?8;>AL B0:, I> 'OG5=:> i I5 45:i;L:0 >DiF5@i2 1C;8 28<CH5=8 28WE0B8 C >;LHC. 0 I>9=>72i;L=5=5 <iAF5 1C;> 7 2?52=5=iABLN ?@87=0G5=> ?i4?>;:>2=8:0 .!<>@>4AL:>3>, 73@02H53> 206;82C @>;L 2 C?@02;i==i #. 2B><0B8G=>, I>1 4i9A=> C:@i?iB8 A2i9 02B>@8B5B :5@i2=8FB2> # ?@>3>;>A8;> ?>;>65==O, 287=0G82H5 ?>;iB8G=C ?@>33@0<<C 0@<iW. &5