РПаЎ±б>юяVXюяяяUяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяяямҐБ9 сїpcbjbjэПэП"nџҐџҐё/яяяяяяl.LLLLX.ЂЂЂЂЂЂЂЂ¦ЁЁЁЁЁЁ #ВЁЂЂЂЂЂЁћЂЂЅћћћЂЂЂ¦ћЂ¦ћьћљљЂtЂ?ЁШFИ.LћцљљУ0ље”ељћ..Щ«. !" #» ) " # ?$V78G=0 ?@8@>40 2AVE 72C:V2, =570;56=> 2V4 G0AB>B8, >4=0 9 B0 6 : F5 ?@C6=V :>;820==O, O:V ?>H8@NNBLAO C B><C A5@54>28IV, 2 O:><C 2>=8 71C465=V. # ?>2VB@V 72C:>2V E28;V ?>H8@NNBLAO C 283;O4V @>71V6=>W (AD5@8G=>W) E28;V. 2C:>20 AD5@8G=0 E28;O 70?>2=NT 2A5 1V;LH89 >1 T<, >A:V;L:8 :>;820==O G0AB8=>: ?>2VB@O, 7C<>2;5=V 465@5;>< 72C:C, ?5@540NBLAO 2A5 7@>AB0NGV9 <0AV ?>2VB@O. 8 728:;8 4> B>3>, I> 72C:>2V E28;V ?>H8@NNBLAO 2 CAV 1>:8 2V4 WE 465@5;0. 0?@8:;04, :>;8 A?V20T 0@B8AB, B> 9>3> >4=0:>2>, G8 <0965 >4=0:>2> GCB8 A?5@54C, 71>:C V =02VBL 7704C; 72C: A:@8?:8 G8 3VB0@8 @>7E>48BLAO 2 CAV 1>:8. "><C 3>2>@OBL, I> 465@5;0 GCB=8E 72C:>28E E28;L =5 =0?@O<;5=V. /:I> 72C:>20 E28;O ?@>E>48BL G5@57 ?>@V2=O=> =525;8:89 >B2V@, B> 2>=0 ?>H8@NTBLAO 2 CAV 1>:8, 0 =5 945 =0?@O<;5=8< ?CG:><, <>2 ?@><V=L A2VB;0, I> ?@>=8: G5@57 4V@>G:C C =5?@>7>@><C 5:@0=V. (C< 2C;8FV, ?@>=8:0NG8 G5@57 2V4:@8BC :20B8@:C, ?@0:B8G=> >4=0:>2> GCB8 C 2AVE B>G:0E :V<=0B8, 0 =5 ;8H5 ?@>B8 2V:=0. 8 4>1@5 7=0T<>, I> ?@><5=V A2VB;0 CB2>@NNBL GVB:V BV=V =5?@>7>@8E ?@54<5BV2, O:I> FV ?@54<5B8 7=0E>4OBLAO =0 H;OEC ?@><5=V2. B>9 65 G0A 72C:8 =5 CB2>@NNBL B0:8E BV=59, C 2AO:><C @07V B>4V, :>;8 @>7<V@8 ?5@5H:>4 =5 4C65 25;8:V. 2C:>2V E28;V =V18 «>1BV:0NBL» ?5@5H:>48. "0:, =0?@8:;04, <8 4>A8BL 4>1@5 GCT<> A?V2@>7<>2=8:0 2 ;VAV, =570260NG8 =0 B5, I> 2V= C F59 G0A <>65 1CB8 70:@8B89 45@520<8. '8< 65 ?>OA=8B8, I> 72C: V A2VB;>, <0NG8 E28;L2C ?@8@>4C, 45<>=AB@CNBL B0:V, ?@O<> ?@>B8;56=V 2;0AB82>ABV ? )>1 @>7V1@0B8AO 2 FL><C, ?>25@=5<>AL 4> ?>=OBBO 4>268=8 E28;V. 7 A?V22V4=>H5==O (((( 28?;820T, I> G8< 1V;LH0 G0AB>B0 72C:C, B8< <5=H0 4>268=0 72C:>2>W E28;V. E0@:B5@ ?>H8@5==O E28;L 1V;O ?5@5H:>4 VAB>B=> 70;568BL 2V4 A?V22V4=>H5==O <V6 @>7<V@0<8 5?@5H:>48 V 4>268=>N E28;V. /:I> @>7<V@8 ?5@5H:>48 <0;V ?>@V2=O=> 7 4>268=>N E28;V 01> A?V2AB02=V 7 =5N, B> E28;V >1BV:0NBL ?5@5H:>4C, =5 40NG8 BV=V. "0:, E28;V =0 ?>25@E=V 2>48 2V;L=> >1BV:0NBL AB51;8=8 >G5@5BC. 0 B>2ABV 6 AB>2?8 G8 25;8:V :0<5=V E28;V =5 70E>4OBL. %28;V GCB=8E 72C:V2 728G09=> <0NBL 4>268=C 1;87L:> :V;L:>E 45AOB:V2 A0=B8<5B@V2, 0;5 <>6CBL 4>AO30B8 4>268=8 15 - 20 <. "><C ?@54<5B8, @>7<V@8 O:8E =5 ?5@528ICNBL 15 - 20 <, =5 T ?5@5H:>40<8 4;O ?>H8@5==O 72C:>28E E28;L, 2>=8 WE >1BV:0NBL, =5 40NG8 72C:>2>W BV=V. >268=8 6 A2VB;>28E E28;L 28<V@NNBLAO 45AOB8B8AOG=8<8 G0AB:0<8 <V;V<5B@0, B><C 2AV ?@54<5B8, I> =0A >B>GCNBL, 2 ?>@V2=O==V 7 4>268=>N A2VB;>28E E28;L =04728G09=> 25;8:V V 40NBL GVB:V BV=V.#," # 0 2V4<V=C 2V4 728G09=8E 72C:V2 C;LB@072C:8 <0NBL 7=0G=> <5=HC 4>268=C E28;L. =0A;V4>: FL>3> 2>=8 40NBL C;LB@072C:>2V BV=V V WE <>6=0 >45@60B8 C 283;O4V 2C7L:8E ?CG:V2, O:V 70 0=0;>3VTN V7 A2VB;>28<8 ?@89=OB> =07820B8 C;LB@02C:>28<8 ?CG:0<8. "0:8< G8=><, <>6=0 22060B8, I> C;LB@072C: ?>H8@NTBLAO 2 >4=>@V4=><C A5@54>28IV ?@O<>;V=V9=>, =5 >38=0T ?5@5H:>4, @>7<V@8 O:8E 7=0G=> ?5@528ICNBL 4>268=C E28;V. C;LB@072C:><, O: V 7 V=H8<8 2840<8 E28;L, A?>AB5@V30NBLAO 70;><;5==O, 2V41820==O, 48D@0:FVO B0 ?>3;8=0==O. @8 70;><;5==V B0 ?04V==V C;LB@072C:>28E E28;L ?V4 :CB>< 2V41C20TBLAO FV:025 O28I5 - CB2>@5==O ?@>4>;L=8E V ?>?5@5G=8E E28;L >4=>G0A=>. 09:@0I5 C;LB@072C: ?>3;8=0TBLAO 3070<8, BV;0<8 7 <0;>N ?@C6=VABN (?;0AB<0A8), ?>@8AB8<8 BV;0<8 (3C<0, :>@>:), 3V@H5 - @V48=0<8, =093V@H5 - B25@48<8 BV;0<8. #;LB@072C: 4C65 H8@>:> 28:>@8AB>2CTBLAO. A=CNBL C;LB@072C:>2V : @V70==O, 720@N20==O, ?0O==O, ;C4V==O, G8I5==O, C;>2;N20==O ?8;C V BC<0=C, ?@8A:>@5==O B5E=>;>3VG=8E ?@>F5AV2, 3>BC20==O ACA?5=7V9 V 5<C;LAV9, :>=B@>;L O:>ABV, 10G5==O, 5E>;>:0FVO V B.4. 8:>@8AB>2CTBLAO B0:>6 C;LB@072C: C EV<VW, <5B0;C@3VW, 5;5:B@>=VFV B0 <548F8=V. /: 65 4VT C;LB@072C: =0;N48=C ? 548:8 - B5>@5B8:8 V ?@0:B8:8 =0 F5 ?8B0==O ?>:8 I> :0B53>@8G=>W 2V4?>2V4V =5 40NBL. ">G=VH5, >4=V 22060NBL C;LB@072C: 4C65 5D5:B82=8< V 01A>;NB=> 157?5G=8<, V=HV - =02?0:8. >OA=8B8 B0:C A8BC0FVN <>6=0 2 >A=>2=><C B8<, I> C;LB@072C: ?@89H>2 C <548F8=C 7>2AV< =5402=> (<0B5@V0;8 1987 @.) B65, FV;:>< ?@8@>4=>, I> 1030B> ?@>1;5< BCB I5 =5 7=09H;8 >AB0B>G=>3> @>72 O70==O. 0NBL @0FVN BV A?5FV0;VAB8, O:V =03>;>HCNBL =0 B2>@G><C ?V4E>4V 4> 28:>@8AB0==O C;LB@072C:C C <548F8=V, 1> 2 1V;LH>ABV 28?04:V2 ;V:C20==O V 4V03=>AB8:8 7 9>3> 4>?><>3>N 40NBL BV;L:8 ?>78B82=V @57C;LB0B8. 06;82> ;8H5 2V@=> ?V4V1@0B8 @>7<V@, 4>78, <5B>4 V ?@8;048. >7C, O: ?@028;>, 2818@0NBL 4;O A5@54=L>W V=B5=A82=>ABV 70 B@820;VABN 2?;82C C;LB@072C:C. '0AB>BC C;LB@072C:>28E :>;820=L >18@0NBL 2 70;56=>ABV 2V4 3;818=8 @>7B0HC20==O E2>@>3> >@30=0. '8< =86G0 G0AB>B0, B8< 3;81H5 ?@>=8:0NBL 2 BV;> C;LB@072C:>2V :>;820==O, B><C =09G0ABVH5 28:>@8AB>2CNBL G0AB>BC 0,8 - 1 F. 04<V@=V 4>78 C;LB@072C:C =0 28@>1=8FB2V =530B82=> 2?;820NBL =0 >@30=V7< ;N48=8. # B8E, EB> ?>@CHCT ?@028;0 B5E=V:8 157?5:8, <>65 ?>G0B8AO ?@>D5AV9=5 70E2>@N20==O. "><C >?@0FL>2CNBLAO 5D5:B82=V 70E>48 ?> 1>@>BL1V 7 H:V4;828< 2?;82>< C;LB@072C:C =0 ;N48=C. > 25@E=L>3> :>@4>=C C;LB@072C:>28E E28;L ?V4E>4OBL E28;V 3V?5@72C:>2>3> 4V0?07>=C (109 - 1013 F). @C6=V :>;820==O F8E G0AB>B =07820NBLAO 3V?5@72C:>< (01> C;LB@0-C;LB@072C:><).$ # =D@072C: - F5 :>;820==O G0AB>B8 =86G5 16 F. 8O2;5=>, I> V=D@072C: ?03C1=> 2?;820T =0 >@30=V7< ;N48=8 V >B>GCNG5 A5@54>28I5. &5 7C<>2;5=> B8<, I> G0AB>B0 V=D@072C:C A?V2?040T 7 2;0A=>N G0AB>B>N ?@54<5B0, 0 F5, O: =0< 2V4><> - O28I5 @57>=0=AC. &5 V T >A=>2=>N ?@8G8=>N 73C1=>3> 2?;82C V=D@072C:C =0 >B>GCNG5 A5@54>28I5. %28;V @V7=>W G0AB>B8 =530B82=> 2?;820NBL =0 @V7=V >@30=8 ;N48=8, =0 @V7=V :>=AB@C:FVW. >4=><C 7 AB0@>28==8E ;>=4>=AL:8E B50B@V2 1V;LH5 ?V2AB>;VBBO B><C AB028;8 ? TAC, 2 A5@548=V O:>W 4VO ?5@5=>A8;0AL V7 ACG0A=>ABV C 3;81>:5 <8=C;5. /: =5