Курсова робота - ППЗ автотранспортного горіння легкових автомобілів
38

70;560BL 2V4 28A>B8 ?@8<VI5==O, V ?>28==V 2V4?>2V40B8 28<>30< B01;. 4 [6], 0;5 =5 ?>28==V ?5@528IC20B8 B5E=VG=V 40==V 2:070=V 2 ?0A?>@B0E. @82545=0 2 ?0A?>@BV ?;>I0 7<5=HCTBLAO 2 70;56=>ABV 2V4 28A>B8 ?@8<VI5==O 1V;LH5 3,5 4> 6 <. =0 20% [8]. B5E=VG=8E E0@0:B5@8AB8:0E =0 A?>2VIC20G 2:070=>, I> ?@8 28A>BV @>7<VI5==O 4,0 <. :>=B@>;NT<0 ?;>I0 4>@V2=NT 150 :2. <., 0;5 2@0E>2CNG8 28<>38 B01;. 4 [6], ?@89<0T<> 7=0G5==O :>=B@>;NT<>W ?;>IV 70 :2. <. V4?>2V4=> V 7<5=HCTBLAO 2V4AB0=L <V6 A?>2VIC20G0<8, B01;. 4, [6] 4> 8,5 <. V <V6 A?>2VIC20G5< V ABV=>N, [6] 4,0 <.@81;87=0 :V;L:VABL A?>2VIC20GV2 287=0G0TBLAO ?> D>@<C;V:HB.45: :2. <. ?;>I0 70E8I0T<>3> ?@8<VI5==O;:2. <. ?;>I0, O:C :>=B@>;NT A?>2VIC20G -212 ?@8 <.AB0B>G=C :V;L:VABL ?>656=8E A?>2VIC20GV2 287=0G0T<> ?VA;O 28:>=0==O B@0A8@>2:8 A?>2VIC20GV2.87=0G0T<> :V;L:VABL ?@><V6:V2 <V6 A?>2VIC20G0<8 ?> 4>268=V ?@8<VI5==O:?@><V6:C45: < 4>268=0 70E8I0T<>3> ?@8<VI5==O;< <0:A8<0;L=0 2V4AB0=L <V6 A?>2VIC20G0<8.@89<0T<> 420 ?@><V6:C.87=0G0T<> :V;L:VABL @O4:V2 A?>2VIC20GV2 ?> H8@8=V ?@8<VI5==O:45: < H8@8=0 70E8I0T<>3> ?@8<VI5==O.V4AB0=L <V6 A?>2VIC20G5< V ABV=>N (?> 4>268=V ?@8<VI5==O) 2 <.V4AB0=L <V6 A?>2VIC20G5< V ABV=>N (?> H8@8=V ?@8<VI5==O) 4 <.@V< 70AB>AC20==O 48<>2>3> A?>2VIC20G0 -212 (-2) ?@>?>=CN 2AB0=>28B8 1V;O 28EV4=8E 425@59 @CG=89 ?>656=89 A?>2VIC20G . O:>ABV ?@89<0;L=>W AB0=FVW ?@>?>=CN 70AB>AC20B8 !-3.6. ><?0=>2:0 >A=>2=8E 2C7;V2 B0 >?8A @>1>B8 @8<VI5==O ?> @5<>=BC B@0=AD>@<0B>@V2 >1;04=CTBLAO A?@8=:;5@=>N ?V==>N CAB0=>2:>N 02B><0B8G=>3> ?>656530AV==O. ?@8<VI5==V 4;O 28O2;5==O ?>656V V CB2>@5==O ?>2VB@O=>-<5E0=VG=>W ?V=8 =87L:>W :@0B=>ABV 2AB0=>2;NT<> ?V==V 7@>HC20GV <0@:8 ! -10 (72). @>HC20G ! A:;040TBLAO 7 2>4O=>3> A?@8=:;5@0, =0 :89 2AB0=>2;NTBLAO 48DC7>@. @>HC20G <0T =0ABC?=V E0@0:B5@8AB8:8:82;OG89 B@C1>?@>2V4 70?@>?>=>20= A8<5B@8G=8< BC?V:>28<."@0A8@>2:0 A?@8=:;5@=>W <5@56V ?@89=OB0 2@0E>2CNG8 2V4 :>=DV3C@0FVW ?@8<VI5==O, D>@<8 ?5@5:@8BL, =0O2=>ABV >?>@=8E :>;>=. 0AB>A>2CNG8 A8<5B@8G=C BC?V:>2C A?@8=:;5@=C <5@56C 70157?5GCT<> 7=865==O ?8B><>W 2038 B@C1>?@>2>4V2 ?@81;87=> 2 420 @078 [15]. "@C1>?@>2>48 ?@>:;040NBL 7 2@0EC20==O< 28<>3 ?.?.2.28-2.42 [6] 7 AB0;L=8E B@C1 ?> !" 10704 76 7 720@=8< 7 T4=0==O<. "@C1>?@>2>48 ?@>:;040NBL 2V4:@8B8< A?>A>1><. V4AB0=L <V6 B@C1>?@>2>4>< V 1C4V25;L=8<8 :>=AB@C:FVO<8 =5 <5=H5 0,02 <. 5>1EV4=> ?@>:;040B8 B@C18 ?@O<>;V=V9=>, 7 70157?5G5==O< ?5@?5=48:C;O@=>ABV 2AVE @>730;C65=L. "@C1>?@>2>48 ?>28==V =04V9=> :@V?8B8AL 4> 1C4V25;L=8E :>=AB@C:FV9. 82;OGV V @>7?>4V;LGV B@C1>?@>2>48 ?@>:;040NBL 7 =0E8;>< 4;O 7;82C @>7G8=V2 7 B@C1>?@>2>4V2. O:>ABV 2C7;0 C?@02;V==O 28:>@8AB>2CTBLAO :;0?0= <0@:8 !-100. >=B@>;L=>-?CA:>28E 2C7>; ! T 7 T4=CNG>N ;0=:>N <V6 <03VAB@0;L=8< B@C1>?@>2>4>< V @>7?>4V;NNG>N A?@8=:;5@=>N <5@565N, 70157?5GCT :>=B@>;L 70 ?@0F5740B=VABN CAB0=>2:8, 2:;NG0T A83=0;8 B@82>38 ?@8 A?@0FN20==V A?@8=:;5@=8E 7@>HC20GV2.C7>; A:;040TBLAO 7 :>@?CAC, 2 A5@548=V T B0@V;LG0B89 :;0?0= O:89 @>74V;OT 2=CB@VH=V9 >1 T< 2C7;0 =0 42V :0<5@8, O:V 2 G5@3>2><C @568<V 70?>2=5=V 2>4=8< @>7G8=>< ?V=>CB2>@N20G0. @8 FL><C :;0?0= IV;L=> ?@8B8A=CB89 4> AV4;0, ?5@5:@820T ?@>EV4 @>7G8=0 4> A83=0;L=>3> :0=0;C, O:89 7 T4=CTBLAO 7 A83=0;L=8< B@C1>?@>2>4><.@8 28=8:=5==V ?>656V 2V4:@820TBLAO ! , B8A: 2 25@E=V9 :0<5@V 2C7;0 ! 7<5=HCTBLAO, 2 @57C;LB0BV B0@V;LG0B89 :;0?0= ?V4=V<0TBLAO V 2V4:@820T ?@>E>465==O @>7G8=C 2 @>7?>4V;LGC <5@56C. 4=>G0A=> @>7G8= ?> B@C1>?@>2>4C =04E>48BL 4> A83=0;L=>3> ?@8AB@>N.C7>; ! >1;04=0=89 :><?5=A0B>@><, O:89 2<>=B>20=89 2 AB5@65=L B0@V;LG0B>3> :;0?0=0 V ?@87=0G5=89 4;O :><?5=A0FVW <>6;828E =525;8:8E 2B@0B @>7G8=C 7 A8AB5<8, 157 2V4:@8BBO 2C7;0, 0 B0:>6 4;O ?>< O:H5==O 28?04:>28E ?>HB>2EV2 2 B@C1>?@>2>4V 2V4 2>4>465@5;.;O ?@82545==O CAB0=>2:8 2 @>1>G89 AB0= ?VA;O A?@0FN20==O, 70:@820NBL ?@>1:>28E :@0= V 25=B8;V :><1V=>20=>3> :@0=C. >2V;L=> 2V4:@820NBL 70AC2:C V 70?>2=NNBL <5@56C @>7G8=><. VA;O 70@O4:8 2C7;0 ?>:078 <0=><5B@V2 ?>28==V 1CB8 >4=0:>28<8. >1>BC 2C7;0 ! ?5@52V@ONBL =0ABC?=8< G8=><. V4:@820NBL <0;89 25=B8;L :><1V=>20=>3> :@0=C. @8 FL><C B8A: 2 25@E=V9 :0<5@V 2C7;0 7=86CTBLAO. "0@V;LG0B89 :;0?0= ?V4=V<0TBLAO V ?@>?CA:0T @>7G8= 2 <5@56C. 4=>G0A=> @>7G8= 945 4> !# V ?@82>48BL 9>3> 4> A?@0FN20==O. VA;O 70:V=G5==O ?5@52V@:8 <0;89 25=B8;L :><1V=>20=>3> :@0=0 70:@820NBL.8<>38 4> @>7<VI5==O 2C7;V2 C?@02;V==O 28:;045=V 2 [6], [7].C7;8 C?@02;V==O 2AB0=>2;NNBLAO 2 <VAFOE 7 B5<?5@0BC@>N ?>2VB@O =5 <5=H5 +50!, 4> O:8E T 2V;L=89 4>ABC? >1A;C3>2CNG>3> ?5@A>=0;C, ?.2.41 [6]. C7;8 C?@02;V==O @>7<VICNBL 2 ?@8<VI5==OE =0A>A=8E AB0=FV9 =0 ?5@H8E, F>:>;L=8E V ?V420;L=8E ?>25@E0E ?.2.41 [6]. =0A>A=V9 AB0=FVW, O:0 @>7B0H>20=0 =0 2V440;V 70 < 2V4 70E8I0T<>3> ?@8<VI5==O @>7<VICNBL:I8B8 C?@02;V==O (2:;NG0NG8 I8B 02B><0B8G=>3> ?5@5:;NG5==O 5;5:B@>682;5==O 7 >A=>2=>3> =0 @575@2=89, ?@8 ?@>?040==V >A=>2=>3>);2C7;8 C?@02;V==O;>A=>2=89 V @575@2=89 =0A>A8 ?V428IC20GV 7 5;5:B@>4283C=0<8 (=0A>A8 ?>28==V 1CB8 70?>2=5=V 2>4>N);70?V@=0 0@<0BC@0 (70AC2:8, 25=B8;V, 72>@>B=V :;0?0=8, ?@>1:>2V 25=B8;V);A83=0;L=>-28<V@N20;L=V ?@8AB@>W (, !#, =04;8H:>2V :;0?0=8);02B><0B8G=89 2>4>682;N20G (V<?C;LA=89 ?@8AB@V9 <5B0;520 T<=VABL 70?>2=5=0 @>7G8=>< ?V=>CB2>@N20G0, =5 <5=H5 0,5 :C1. <. V AB8A=CB8< ?>2VB@O< ?.2.52 [6]) @>7@0E>20=89 =0 ?V4B@8<0==O B8A:C 2 ?V42>4OIV9 <5@56V V ?>40==V @>7G8=C ?V=>CB2>@N20G0 =0 G0A =5 <5=H5 10 A.:><?@5A>@ 4;O ?V4B@8<0==O @>7@0EC=:>2>3> B8A:C 2 V<?C;LA=><C ?@8AB@>N;4>7CNG89 ?@8AB@V9 (10: 7 4@>A5;NNG8< ?@8AB@>T<). O:>ABV 4@>A5;NNG>3> ?@8AB@>N 70AB>A>20=0 2AB02:0 5=BC@V. >1>B0 4>7CNG>3> ?@8AB@>N 2V41C20TBLAO =0ABC?=8< G8=><. @8 @CAV 2>48 2V4 2>4>465@5;0 2 AB8A=CB><C ?5@5@V7V - 2AB02:8 5=BC@V 14 CB2>@NTBLAO B8A: <5=H89 =V6 B8A: 2 B@C1>?@>2>4V 16. @57C;LB0BV ?5@5?04C B8A:C 2 ?5@5@V70E - V - 2>40 ?> =0?V@=V9 B@C1FV 6 =04E>48BL 2 25@E=N G0AB8=C 10:0-4>70B>@0 12, V 28BVA=OT 9>3> ?> B@C1FV 8 2 AB8A=CB89 ?5@5@V7 B@C1:8 5=BC@V 45 V 2V41C20TBLAO 7<VHC20==O 7 2>4>N. A5@548=V 10: @>74V;5=89 4V0D@03<>N H0@ ?>@8AB>W @5G>28=8 10, 0 =0?V@=0 ?>40NG0 2>4C B@C1:0 >1;04=0=0 @>71@873C20G5< 11. V0D@03<0 V @>71@87:C20G 70157?5GCNBL @V2=><V@=5 70?>2=5==O 10:0 2>4>N, I> 28:;NG0T ?5@5<VHC20==O # 7 2>4>N 2 A5@548=V 10:0. 13 2>@>=:0 4;O 70?>2=5==O 10:0 #; 9 <V@=5 A:;>, 3 :@8;LG0B89 2>4><V@, 1 2>4><V@=0 2AB02:0, 2 48D5@5=FV0;L=89 <0=><5B@,

---

Сторінки: 1 2 3 4 5 6