У нас: 141825 рефератів
Щойно додані Реферати Тор 100
Скористайтеся пошуком, наприклад Реферат        Грубий пошук Точний пошук
Вхід в абонемент





28?04:0E =5 A?>6820GV, 0 :>=:C@5=B8 287=0G0NBL O:V ?>A;C38 <>6=0 ?@>40B8 V 70 O:>N FV=>N. 06;82> @>7C<VB8, I> A?>6820GV - =5 T48=89 >1'T:B :>=:C@5=FVW >@30=V70FV9. >=8 <>6CBL :>=:C@C20B8 70 B@C4>2V @5AC@A8, <0B5@V0;8, :0?VB0; V ?@02> 28:>@8AB>2C20B8 ?52=V B5E=VG=V =>2>22545==O. V4 @50:FVW =0 :>=:C@5=FVN 70;560BL B0:V 2=CB@VH=V D0:B>@8, O: C<>28 ?@0FV, >?;0B0 ?@0FV V E0@0:B5@ 2V4=>A8= :5@V2=8:V2 7 ?V4;53;8<8. ?@8:;04V 7 &5=B@>< A;V4 707=0G8B8, I> 40=0 >@30=V70FVO =5 <0T :>=:C@5=BV2 2 AD5@V B>@3V2;V <0@:0<8 , 7=0:0<8 ?>HB>2>W >?;0B8, >A:V;L:8 ?>HB>289 72'O7>: V 2A5, I> 7 =8< ?>2'O70=> T A?@02>N 45@6028. ;5 VA=CT 25;8:0 :V;L:VABL 4@V1=8E ?@>402FV2 45O:8E ?5@V>48G=8E 2840=L - 3075B B0 6C@=0;V2 ?52=>W B5<0B8G=>W A?@O<>20=>ABV - WE B>G:8 @>7:840=> ?> 2AL><C <VABC V =02VBL, O:I> FV=0 =0 FV 2840==O >4=0:>20 2>=8 <0NBL A2>WE ?>ABV9=8E :;VT=BV2, 1> ?@825@B0NBL C203C 4> A515 2C7L:>N A?5FV0;V70FVTN B0 4>ABC?=VABN, 0465 A?>6820GC 7@CG=VH5 :C?C20B8 B0<, 45 2V= G0ABVH5 1C20T.)> 6 4> B>20@V2 =0@>4=>3> A?>6820==O, B> WE :C?CNBL 2 :V>A:0E &5=B@C A?>6820GV, O:8< =5 283V4=> VE0B8 =0 @8=>: 01> 1070@ (G5@57 4@V1'O7:>2VABL ?>:C?:8 01> 45DVF8B G0AC), 01> 2>=8 ?@>AB> ?>;N1;ONBL :C?C20B8 @5GV 2 <03078=V. %>G0, A;V4 707=0G8B8, I> FV=8 =0 @8=:C =86GV =V6 C @>74@V1=V9 <5@56V &5=B@C, B><C 2:070=V B>20@8 ?@>?>=CNBLAO &5=B@>< 4;O 0A>@B8<5=BC V "28?04:>2>3>" ?>:C?FO. B>9 65 G0A &5=B@ T <0965 <>=>?>;VAB>< C ?@>406C 45O:>W C=V:0;L=>W 4@C:>20=>W ?@>4C:FVW, I> <0T A2>3> ?>ABV9=>3> A?>6820G0.. >73;O=5<> D0:B>@8 A5@54>28I0 =5?@O<>3> 2?;82C. !5@54>28I5 =5?@O<>3> 2?;82C A:;04=VH5, =V6 A5@54>28I5 ?@O<>3> 2?;82C. 5@V2=8FB2> 28<CH5=5 ?@89<0B8 A2>W @VH5==O =0 ?@>3=>70E ?@> VA=C20==O V 2?;82 A5@54>28I0, 0=0;V7CNG8 =5?>2=C V=D>@<0FVN, C A?@>10E 287=0G8B8 <>6;82V =0A;V4:8 4;O >@30=V70FVW.<V=8 2 B5E=>;>3VG=><C 7>2=VH=L><C A5@54>28IV <>6CBL ?>AB028B8 >@30=V70FVN 2 157=04V9=> ?@>3@0H=5 :>=:C@5=B=5 AB0=>28I5. "5E=>;>3VG=V =>2>22545==O 2?;820NBL =0 5D5:B82=VABL, 7 O:>N <>6=0 283>B>2;OB8 ?@>4C:FVN V ?@>4020B8, =0 B5 O: <>6=0 718@0B8, 715@V30B8 V @>7?>4V;OB8 V=D>@<0FVN, O:V ?>A;C38 V =>2V B>20@8 >GV:CNBL A?>6820GV 2V4 >@30=V70FVW. =0;V7 B5E=>;>3VG=>3> 7>2=VH=L>3> A5@54>28I0 <>65 2@0E>2C20B8 70AB>AC20==O 2 ?@>5:BC20==V V =040==V B>20@V2 B0 ?>A;C3 01> 4>AO3=5==O 2 B5E=>;>3VW 70A>1V2 72'O7:C. ;5 =5 2AV >@30=V70FVW 7=0E>4OBLAO ?V4 2?;82>< H284:>3> =0C:>2>-B5E=G=>3> ?@>3@5AC. &5=B@ =0;568BL A0<5 4> B0:8E >@30=V70FV9, 4> <5B8 4VO;L=>ABV 40=>W >@30=V70FVW 2E>48BL 2?@>20465==O =>2>W B5E=V:8 V ?5@54>2>3> 4>A2V4C, I>4> @>7?>2AN465==O ?@5A8, A:;04=8E @>1VB, >?5@0FV9 ?> @>7@0EC=:0E 7 28402=8FB20<8, ?>AB0G0;L=8:0<8 V ?V4?@8T<AB20<8. =0G=0 :V;L:VABL B5E=>;>3V9 3@C=BCTBLAO =0 28:>@8AB0==V :><?'NB5@V2. "0:, VA=CNBL A8AB5<8 02B><0B8G=>3> A:;04C20==O V 2840GV B>20@V2 (!!) 01> "02B><0B8G=V A:;048" ?5@5410G0NBL 28:>@8AB0==O ?V49><=>-B@0=A?>@B=8E ?@8AB@>W2, O:8<8 :5@CT :><?'NB5@, O:V 70:;040NBL B>20@ C A:;04: 28;CG0NBL 9>3> 72V4B8 ?> =0:07C. ><?'NB5@ B0:>6 AB568BL 70 B8<, 45 A0<5 7=0E>48BLAO :>6=89 B>20@. &V A8AB5<8 =5 BV;L:8 28:;NG0NBL ;N4AL:C ?@0FN, 0 9 4>72>;ONBL 5:>=><8B8 A:;04AL:V ?;>IV, ?@8A:>@N20B8 A:;04AL:V >?5@0FVW V ?>:@0IC20B8 :>=B@>;L 70 <0B5@V0;L=>-B5E=VG=8<8 70?0A0<8. ;5 4;O &5=B@C 40=0 A8AB5<0 ?>:8 I> =54>AO6=0 G5@57 A2>N 28A>:C 20@BVABL V <01C4L 45H52H5 CB@8<C20B8 4-E A>@BC20;L=8FL, O: F5 V T =0 AL>3>4=VH=V9 45=L. "><C 2AV B5E=>;>3VG=V =>28=:8 O:8<8 >1<56CTBLAO &5=B@ - F5 ?0:5B8 ?@>3@0< 4;O 2545==O 1CE>1;V:C.5@V2=8FB2> B0:>6 ?>28==> 2<VB8 >FV=N20B8 O: 2?;8=CBL =0 AB@C:BC@C >@30=V70FVW B0 VW 4VO;L=VABL 7030;L=V 7<V=8 AB0=C 5:>=><V:8. !B0= 5:>=><V:8 2?;820T =0 20@BVABL 2AVE 2EV4=8E @5AC@AV2 V 740B=VABL A?>6820GV2 :C?C20B8 ?52=V B>20@8 B0 ?>A;C38. 0@07 #:@0W=0 ?5@56820T 5:>=><VG=89 A?04, 0 >B65 7=865==O :C?V25;L=>W A?@><>6=>ABV A?>6820GV2.>2=VH=V D0:B>@8 740B=V 2?;820B8 V =0 AB8;L :5@V2=8FB20. "0: O: &5=B@ T <0;>N >@30=V70FVTN AB2>@5=>N 2 @>:8 B><C, B> =5 <>6=0 3>2>@8B8 ?@> 7<V=C AB8;N :5@V2=8FB20 V <5B>4V2 C?@02;V==O 70 B0:89 ?@><V6>: G0AC, B8< 1V;LH I> >@30=V70FVTN C?@02;OT B06 A0<0 ;N48=0. ;5 7 >3;O4C =0 B5, I> >@30=V70FVO C?@02;V==O 70;568BL 2 7=0G=V9 <V@V 2V4 A8BC0FVW, I> A:;040TBLAO =0 @8=:C B>20@V2 B0 ?>A;C3, V=B5@5AV2 A?>6820GV2, F5 28<030T =5018O:>W H284:>ABV 2 @503C20==V =0 >1AB028=8 V 3=CG:>ABV, I>1 283@020B8 C 40=8E >1AB028=0E.&5 =5 <>65 2?;820B8 =0 AB8;L :5@V2=8FB20, 0 O:I> 2@0EC20B8 I> :V;L:VABL 04<V=VAB@0B82=>-C?@02;V=AL:>3> ?5@A>=0;C 14 G>;>2V:, B> 70 B0:8E C<>2 C?@02;V==O =5 <>6CBL 1CB8 BV;L:8 D>@<0;L=8<8.><5@FV9=89 48@5:B>@ >@30=V70FVW T >4=>G0A=> V VW ;V45@><, >@30=V70FVO ?@0FNT O: 73C@B>20=0 :><0=40, =5 482;OG8AL =0 VW ?>4V; ?> 2V44V;0<. !B8;L :5@V2=8FB20 =0304CT :>=AC;LB0B82=>-45<>:@0B8G=89, 1> 48@5:B>@ 28O2;OT 7=0G=C, 0;5 =5?>2=C 4>2V@C 4> ?V4;53;8E. A=CT 42>AB>@>==5 A?V;:C20==O V 45O:0 ABC?V=L 4>2V@8 <V6 :5@V2=8:>< V ?V4;53;8<. 06;82V @VH5==O ?@89<0NBLAO 48@5:B>@><, 0;5 1030B> :>=:@5B=8E @VH5=L ?@89<0NBLAO ?V4;53;8<8. ?5@H89 45=L @>1>G>3> B86=O 01> ?> <V@V =5>1EV4=>ABV 48@5:B>@ A:;8:0T 25AL C?@02;V=AL:89 ?5@A>=0; =0 ?V23>48==V =0@048 45 28@VHCNBLAO G5@3>2V ?8B0==O, 287=0G0NBLAO 70240==O =0 B8645=L , 28=>AOBLAO 4>30=8 B8<, EB> =5 28:>=02 ?>:;045=>3> =0 =L>3> 70240==O V 457>@30=V7C202 @>1>BC >@30=V70FVW 2 FV;><C 01> 6 702402 718B:V2 >@30=V70FVW. B>9 65 G0A :5@V2=8: A:;040T ?;0=8 =0 ?V2@VGGO V @V:, I> AB2>@NT @O4 206;828E V G0AB> ACBBT28E A?@8OB;828E D0:B>@V2 4;O >@30=V70FVW. 465 AB@0B53VG=5 ?;0=C20==O T T48=8< A?>A>1>< ?@>3=>7C20B8 <091CB=V ?@>1;5<8 V <>6;82>ABV. !B@0B53VG=5 ?;0=C20==O 40T B0:>6 >A=>2C 4;O ?@89=OBBO @VH5=L. =0==O B>3>, I> >@30=V70FVO 1060T 4>AO3=CB8, 4>?><030T 7>@VT=BC20B8AO C =0?@O<:0E 4VO;L=>ABV. @89<0NG8 >13@C=B>20=V V A8AB5<0B87>20=V ?;0=>2V @VH5==O, :5@V2=8: 7=86CT @878: ?@89=OBBO =5?@028;L=>3> @VH5==O G5@57 ?><8;:>2C 01> =54>AB>2V@=C V=D>@<0FVN ?@> <>6;82>ABV >@30=V70FVW 01> 7>2=VH=T A5@54>28I5. ;0=C20==O, >A:V;L:8 2>=> =5>1EV4=5 4;O D>@<C;N20==O 2AB0=>2;5=8E FV;59, 4>?><030T AB2>@8B8 =5>1EV4=C T4=VABL 7030;L=>W <5B8 2 >@30=V70FVW [20, A. 258].%0@0:B5@ 1V7=5AC >@30=V70FVW 2?;820T =0 WW AB@C:BC@C @>7<V@ B0 2=CB@VH=N :C;LBC@C.
Сторінки: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24