У нас: 141825 рефератів
Щойно додані Реферати Тор 100
Скористайтеся пошуком, наприклад Реферат        Грубий пошук Точний пошук
Вхід в абонемент


?5@528ICNBL 3@0=8G=> ?@8?CAB8<8E @V2=V2. @8 2820=B065==V 3>B>2>3> ?@>4C:BC 0=B@0EV=>=0 7 :>=45=A0B>@V2 V @>7D0A>2FV 9>3> 2 <VH:8 70?8;5=VABL ?>2VB@O @>1>G>W "7>=8 203 <3/<3±10 <3/<3. A=>2=8<8 465@5;0<8 ?8;5284V;5==O 0=B@0F5=C 9 0=B@0EV=>=0 T 2V4:@8BV @CG=V >?5@0FVW 7 F8<8 ?@>4C:B0<8, 0 B0:>6 =5IV;L=>ABV C D;0=F528E A?>;C:0E 0?0@0BV2 V7 B@C1>?@>2>40<8, G5@57 O:V ?@>=8:0NBL ?0@8 707=0G5=8E ?@>4C:BV2.> =5A?@8OB;828E D0:B>@V2 28@>1=8G8E ?@8<VI5=L :>=B0:B=>3> 2V44V;5==O V :>=45=A0FVW 2V4=>A8BLAO B0:>6 ?V428I5=0 B5<?5@0BC@0 ?>2VB@O, I> C B5?;89 ?5@V>4 @>:C ?5@528ICT B5<?5@0BC@C 7>2=VH=L>3> ?>2VB@O =0 7 10 °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
Сторінки: 1 2 3 4