Реферат - Гендер і мова. Дослідження зв’язку між поняттями
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loss to society itself of diverse talents. 3. The institutionalized hostility between male and female (a complex consequence of both the above). This hostility is most frequently realized in action by male against female, as, for example, in the violation of the right to personal space. A more extreme violation of female by male is the violation of self/identity that is rape. Such hostility is all too commonly discernible, however, in the everyday words of girls and boys, men and women, with respect to one another, words flung in one another's faces or muttered with anger or resentment behind one another's backs. These issues are of importance to all members of our society, but they should be of particular concern to parents and to educators, because they are the primary agents of the society in the socialization of children into these institutionalized attitudes. It is at their hands that children learn their initial categorizations of the world they live in, including the evaluations attached to those categorizations. It is from their mouths that children hear the words, and the ways of speaking, that will eventually become their words, their ways of speaking. Children do not remain passive recipients of the socialization efforts of others but become active agents of their own socialization as they acquire command of the meanings available to them through command of the words and ways of speaking of those around them. We need to know what it is we are teaching our children to think and feel about themselves and about each other as female and male, and what are the means by which they have come to learn to think and feel thus. Much of the public debate, such as it is, arising from feminist critiques of language in relation to gender has focused on words and word-forms (such as diminutives) that overtly denigrate, trivialize, or exclude women and which assume or cultivate stereotypes of both women and men. The existence of such words is clearly of importance: the usual explanation is that the existence and use of such words and forms of words unambiguously reveals social attitudes and beliefs. One must go further than words, however, in terms of 1. What one takes into consideration as linguistic, as part of language; and 2. How one regards the relationship between language and thought/ ideas/beliefs. These issues will be investigated in the following chapters of my work.

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