при перекачке вязкопластической жидкости, базирующийся на применении формулы Дарси–Вейсбаха и предусматривающий введение корректирующих коэффициентов увеличения гидравлического сопротивления нефтепровода. Разработаны методика и компьютерная программа Efect, которые дают возможность определить эффективность того или иного способа улучшения реологических свойств высоковязкой нефти и уменьшения энергоемкости ее перекачивания нефтепроводом. Предложена методика теплогидравлического расчета нефтепровода при перекачке высоковязкой нефти. Апробация методик произведена путем выполнения технологических расчетов нефтепроводов и сравнения полученных результатов с фактическими режимами работы нефтепроводов Снигиревка–Одесса и ДолинаНадворная. Максимальное отклонение результатов не превышает 12%.
Ключевые слова: нефтепровод, реология, транспортабельные свойства, противотурбулентная присадка, депрессатор, разбавитель, энергозатраты.
ABSTRACT
Pylypiv L.D. Decrease of Power Output of Oil Pipeline Transportation by Way of Influence on Oil Rheological Properties.
The thesis has been written to gain a Candidate of Science Degree according to the major 05.15.13 – Oil and Gas Pipelines, Storages and Holders. Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas. Ivano-Frankivsk, 2007.
The thesis is devoted to the development of methods for the evaluation of influence of the rheological properties of oils with low and high viscosities on their transport characteristics and power output of pipeline transport. There have been conducted experimental researches of the rheological properties of low-viscosity Russian oil, the flow characteristics of which have been improved by the introduction of drag reduce agent; of high-viscosity Dolyna oil, which flow characteristics have been improved by the introduction of depressor or diluent of low-viscosity Urals oil. The choice of rheological model of oils with low and high viscosities in a large range of temperatures and addition agents’ concentration has been proved. The mathematical models have been developed to show the dependence of Urals oil dynamic viscosity as well as hydraulic resistance coefficient during the process of oil pumping through pipelines on temperature and concentration of drag reduce agent. Besides, there have been created methods and software to calculate hydrodynamic operation parameters of oil pipeline during the process of low-viscosity oil pumping with the drag reduce agent. There parameters permit to estimate the influence of oil rheological properties changes on the power output of the oil pipeline transport.
The author has settled down the interrelation between the rheological properties of high-viscosity oil, which transport characteristics were improved by the usage of depressor or diluent, and power output of this oil pumping through the pipeline. A mathematical model of pipeline having isothermal and anisothermic high-viscosity oil pumping with the improved rheological properties has been worked out.
The developments have been approved by the technological calculations and comparison of their results with the real operation regimes of Snigurivka-Odessa and Dolyna-Nadvirna pipelines.
Key words: oil pipeline, rheology, transport characteristics, drag reduce agent, depressor, diluent, power output.