Экспериментально доказано, что предпосылками возникновения творчества в подражании являются пресыщение деятельностью, использование инвенций (спонтанных отклонений в ходе деятельности) и ориентация дошкольников не только на взрослых, но и на ровесников в процессе удовлетворения потребности в признании. Подражание как механизм развития творческих способностей содержит три составляющие: деятельностную, связанную с накоплением операционального опыта, социально-психологическую, определяющую творческую либо исполнительскую направленность, и рефлексивно-ценностную, связанную с ростом субъектной активности личности, направленной на саморазвитие способностей.

Ключевые слова: творческие способности, подражание, инвенции, продуктивно-творческая деятельность, стратегиальные тенденции достижения признания.

Portnytska N.F. Imitation as a psychological mechanism of the development of creative capacities in pre-school age.

The dissertation in obtaining scientific degree of the candidate of psychological sciences in speciality 19.00.07 - pedagogical and age psychology. Central institute of post-diploma pedagogical education APS of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2007.

Theoretical analysis of the problem of the development of creative capacities in pre-school age is put into practice in the dissertational research. Theoretical model of imitation as a psychological mechanism of the development of creative capacities of children under school age describes three main levels of the development of imitation: syncretical, selective and inventional-creative. The criteria of denoting the level of the development and imitation are: peculiarity of realizations completeness and selectiveness of reflection of the example given and also attitude towards the inventions which appear in imitation. In the process of possessing efficiently-creative activity, consecutive transition from the lowest levels of imitation to the highest ones happens. The development of creative capacities is observed from the position of interaction of activity factors, social relations between children under school age and peculiarities of realization of opportunities and conditions of the development of personal abilities. While possessing efficiently - creative activity, imitation provides children under school age with widening of operational activity experience as conditions of creative work appearing. Motive power of the development of capacities of children under school age is the necessity of valuing of the nearest social encircling: demonstration of creative work example allows them to get respect between coevals.

According to the inventional strategical model of creative gifted personality development, inventions are considered as a declining from the given example of work and carrying proper elements into activity. Inventional transformation of work example is one from main mechanisms of the development of creative capacities in imitation. The realization of occasional inventions give a possibility of purposeful usage with an aim of getting an admission for creative result and give a valuable character to the activity. The experimental researches of peculiarities of social regulation and conditions of transition from imitation to creative work in efficiently creative activity of children under school age are presented. Efficiently creative activity is considered to be a specific type of activity, which gives an opportunity to get different from the example subject result and is the condition of the development of creative capacities of children under school age.

The created experimental situations allowed to study peculiarities of active and social regulation of imitation and dynamism of its transition to creative work in efficiently creative activity of pre-school age in natural conditions.

It is discovered that imitation is a compulsory stage of new activity possessing. Presence of the activity example quickens the process of orientation and its content and methods of realization and meets peculiarities of visual-active thinking of children under school age. A direct reason of the creative capacities development in efficient activity is inventional - creative imitation of coevals' actions. The stages and mechanism of transition from imitation to creation in efficiently creative work are defined. In conditions of satiety monotonous work children under school age are able to refuse imitating adult's actions and transition to creative work.

Social factors of the development of creative capacities are to answer the requirements in recognition using efficiently creative imitation of coevals' actions. The mechanism of rise of person's direction including two types --– executive and creative--– is described. The basis of executive development forms an orientation in order to get a social approval of an adult. The development of creative direction is denoted by the orientation of children under school age in accordance with recognition of encircling, which is realized by understanding and integration of creative inventions into an actual experience of work.

The dominating role of social factors in the development of creative capacities of children under school age is proved. Social stratification is natural due to creative criteria in efficiently creative activity. In natural conditions of activity creativity is not an absolutely suitable way of behavior and that is why, children under school age resort to creative actions only in such situations when there is no other way of getting recognition. According to these conditions creative children make a separate layer in the group of children of the same age.

The rise of valuable regulation of imitation on inventional creative level helps to develop creative abilities of children under school age in efficiently-creative activity. Inventions acquire the character of individual worth by including, together with active and social, also reflexive, developing and valuable component of imitation. It is that reflection of abilities and social reflection are the factors of the development of creative capacities of imitation.

On the basis of the result the programme of valuable support of the development of creative capacities in pre-school age is worked out. The introduction of the programme allowed to prove supposition of active-social regulation of creative activity. The conditions of the development of creative capacities in efficiently creative activity of children under school age the agreement of spheres of achievement and recognition , reflection of creative actions as personal abilities and possibilities of their development with the help of inventional creative imitation.

Key words: creative capacities, inventional creative imitation, efficiently-creative activity, reflection of ability.