У нас: 141825 рефератів
Щойно додані Реферати
Тор 100
Скористайтеся пошуком, наприклад
Реферат
Грубий пошук
Точний пошук
Вхід в абонемент
Курсова робота
Дипломна робота
Магістерська робота
Реферат
Контрольні роботи
Курсова робота
-
«Різьблення в Україні»
34
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
Сторінки:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8