У нас: 141825 рефератів
Щойно додані Реферати Тор 100
Скористайтеся пошуком, наприклад Реферат        Грубий пошук Точний пошук
Вхід в абонемент


40=>W >A>18 4>A8BL >1<565=V - 2 >1AO7V ?>A04>2>W V=AB@C:FVW 2=>A8B8 ?@>?>78FVW, =0?@02;5=V =0 ?>;V?H5==O @>1>B8.=A?5:B>@ ?> :04@0< ?>28=5=: 7=0B8 4VNG5 70:>=>402AB2> ?@> ?@89><, ?5@5<VI5==O B0 72V;L=5==O ?@0FV2=8:V2; ?>@O4>: 2545==O B0 715@V30==O B@C4>28E :=86>:; 7=0B8 ?>AB0=>28, @>7?>@O465==O, =0:078 28I8E >@30=V2, ?>@O4>: V B5@<V= A:;040==O 72VB=>ABV, >A=>28 B@C4>2>3> 70:>=>402AB20;5A5 2V4?>2V40;L=VABL 70 O:VABL V 2G0A=VABL 28:>=0==O ?>:;045=8E =0 =L>3> ?>A04>28E >1>2'O7:V2. 0T ?@02>: 4>?>2V40B8 :><5@FV9=><C 48@5:B>@>2V ?@> 2AV 28O2;5=V =54>;V:8 C <560E A2>TW :><?5B5=FVW; 2=>A8B8 ?@>?>78FVW I>4> 24>A:>=0;5==O @>1>B8. >1>2'O7:8 V=65=5@0 7 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV B0 B5E=V:8 157?5:8 2E>48BL: 70157?5G5==O ?@0FV2=8:V2 ?@028;0<8, AB0=40@B0<8, =>@<0<8, ?>;>65==O<8 B0 V=H8<8 =>@<0B82=8<8 0:B0<8 7 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV; >@30=V70FVO ?0A?>@B870FVW F5EV2, 4V;L=8FL, @>1>G8E <VAFL I>4> 2V4?>2V4=>ABV WE 28<>30< >E>@>=8 ?@0FV; 25AB8 >1;V: , 0=0;V7 =5I0A=8E 28?04:V2, ?@>D5AV9=8E 70E2>@N20=L V 020@V9, H:>48 =0=5A5=V9 F8<8 ?>4VO<8; ?V43>B>2:0 AB0B8AB8G=8E 72VBV2 ?V4?@8T<AB20 7 ?8B0=L >E>@>=8 ?@0FV; 70157?5G5==O ?V428I5==O :20;VDV:0FVW B0 ?5@52V@:8 7=0=L ?>A04>28E >AV1 7 ?8B0=L >E>@>=8 ?@0FV.5A5 ?5@A>=0;L=C 2V4?>2V40;L=VABL 70: =52V4?>2V4=VABL ?@89=OB8E =8< @VH5=L 28<>30< 4VNG>3> 70:>=>402AB20 7 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV; =528:>=0==O A2>WE DC=:FV>=0;L=8E >1>2'O7:V2 ?5@5410G5=8E ?>A04>2>N V=AB@C:FVTN; =54>AB>2V@=VABL B0 =52G0A=VABL ?V43>B>2:8 AB0B8AB8G=8E 72VBV2 7 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV; =87L:C O:VABL ?@>2545=>3> @>7A;V4C20==O =5I0A=8E 28?04:V2 =0 28@>1=8FB2V.0T ?@02>: ?@54AB02;OB8 ?V4?@8T<AB2> 2 45@602=8E B0 3@><04AL:8E CAB0=>20E ?@8 @>73;O4V ?8B0=L >E>@>=8 ?@0FV; 157?5@5H:>4=> 2 1C4L-O:89 G0A 2V42V4C20B8 28@>1=8GV >1'T:B8, AB@C:BC@=V ?V4@>74V;8 ?V4?@8T<AB20, 7C?8=OB8 @>1>BC 28@>1=8FB20, 4V;L=8FL <0H8=, <5E0=V7<V2 C @O4V ?>@CH5=L, O:V AB2>@NNBL 703@>7C 68BBN 01> 74>@>2'N ?@0FNNG8E; 74V9A=N20B8 72'O7>: 7 <548G=8<8 70:;040<8, =0C:>28<8 B0 V=H8<8 >@30=0<8 7 ?8B0=L >E>@>=8 ?@0FV, >@30=V7>2C20B8 ?@>2545==O WE @5:><5=40FV9.> >1>2'O7:V2 =0G0;L=8:0 2V44V;C 28@>1=8G> - B5E=VG=>3> 70157?5G5==O B0 3@C?8 ?> @5<>=BC >1;04=0==O 2E>48BL: A8AB5<0B8G=89 :>=B@>;L 28:>=0==O B@C4>2>3> @>7?>@O4:C; 70157?5G5==O =0;56=>> CB@8<0==O A;C61>28E B0 28@>1=8G8E ?@8<VI5=L; 2G0A=> 4>2>48B8 4> ?@0FV2=8:V2 =0:078 B0 @>7?>@O465==O, 2:07V2:8 48@5:B>@0; ?>2V4><;OB8 :5@V2=8:0 ?V4?@8T<AB20 B0 V=65=5@0 7 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV ?@> :>6=89 =5I0A=89 28?04>:; 70157?5GC20B8 @>1>GV <VAFO ?;0:0B0<8, ?>?5@5465==O<8 , 7=0:0<8 157?5:8; ?@8 28O2;5==V =5?>;04>:, ?>3@01C20==V, ?>H:>465==V :V>A:V2 28W748B8 4> <VAFO ?>4VW.5A5 2V4?>2V40;L=VABL 70 4>45@60==O 3>;>2=8E 28<>3 B5E=V:8 157?5:8 B0 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV, O:>ABV B0 2G0A=>ABV 28:>=0==O @>1VB.0T ?@02>: 2=>A8B8 ?@>?>78FVW 7 ?8B0=L, I> 2V4=>AOBLAO 4> :><?5B5=FVW 2V44V;C; 74V9A=N20B8 4>1V@ B0 @>7<VI5==O :04@V2, =040==O ?@>?>78FV9 I>4> 70>E>G5==O ?@0FV2=8:V2 B0 =0:;045==O =0 =8E ABO3=5=L C 2V4?>2V4=>ABV 7 4VNG8< 70:>=>402AB2><; >@30=V7>2C20B8 @>1>BC 2V44V;C =0 28:>=0==O ?>AB02;5=8E 7040G B0 4>B@8<0==O 28A>:>W O:>ABV @>1>B8; AB2>@8B8 A?@8OB;82V C<>28 4;O 70157?5G5==O 28A>:>?@>4C:B82=>W ?@0FV; 70157?5G8B8 ?@0FV2=8:V2 V=AB@C<5=B>< B0 @>1>G8< >4O3><.B65, O: ?>:07CT 0=0;V7, 2V4?>2V40;L=VABL V >1>2'O7:8 2 ?@0:B8FV C?@02;V==O 40=>W >@30=V70FVW A?V2?040NBL, 0 ?@020 A?V2?040NBL 7 DC=:FVO<8 V >1>2'O7:0<8.=H8< ?@8=F8?>< ?>1C4>28 AB@C:BC@8 >@30=V70FVW T ?>T4=0==O ?>2=>2065=L V 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV. ;040 V 2V4?>2V40;L=VABL 702648 VA=CNBL @07><. >=8 =5@>7@82=V, 0;5 2>=8 ?>28==V 1CB8 V AC<VA=8<8. &O AC<VA=VABL 28O2;OTBLAO 2 >1AO30E 2;048 V <V@V 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV, 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV >1;0ABV 2;048 V >1;0ABV 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV. VO FL>3> ?@8=F8?C ?>28==0 7C?8=OB8 7;>26820==O 2;04>N V <>B82C20B8 A5@9>7=5 2V4=>H5==O :5@V2=8:0 4> ?@>1;5<, I> 28@VHCT V 4> ;N459, O:V 28:>=CNBL 70240==O. 5 <>6=0 @50;V7C20B8 ?>2=>2065==O V =5 =5AB8 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV 01> C=8:0B8 WW, =5 <>6;82> 2V4?>2V40B8 70 B5, I> =5 2E>48BL C 20HV ?>2=>2065==O. >2=>2065==O O2;ONBL A>1>N >1<565=5 ?@02> 28:>@8AB>2C20B8 @5AC@A8 >@30=V70FVW V A?@O<>2C20B8 7CA8;;O 45O:8E WW A?V2@>1VB=8:V2 =0 28:>=0==O ?52=8E 70240=L. "><C ?@020 :>6=>W ?>A04>2>W >A>18 GVB:> 287=0G5=V [26, A. 67-68]0A>1>< 70 4>?><>3>N O:>3> :5@V2=8FB2> 2AB0=>2;NT 2V4=>H5==O <V6 @V2=O<8 ?>2=>2065=L, T 45;53C20==O. 5<>6;82> 7@>7C<VB8 >@30=V70FV9=89 ?@>F5A 157 ?>?5@54=L>3> @>7C<V==O 45;53C20==O V ?>2'O70=8E 7 =8< ?>2=>2065=L V 2V4?>2V4=>ABV. 5;53C20==O - F5 ?5@540G0 7040G V ?>2=>2065=L >A>1V, O:0 15@5 =0 A515 2V4?>2V4=VABL 70 WW 28:>=0==O [20, A.308] VEB> =5 <>65 45;53C20B8 1V;LH5 2;048 01> 2V4?>2V4=>ABV =V6 2V= A0< <0T. >;8 45;53CTBLAO 2;040 V 2V4?>2V40;L=VABL ?V4;53;><C 4;O 28:>=0==O ?52=>W @>1>B8, =0G0;L=8: =5 72V;L=OTBLAO 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV ?5@54 28I8< :5@V2=8FB2>< 70 28:>=0==O. V4?>2V40;L=VABL >7=0G0T, I> ?@0FV2=8: 2V4?>2V40T 70 @57C;LB0B8 28:>=0==O 70240==O ?5@54 B8<, EB> 45;53CT 9><C ?>2=>2065==O. 1AO3 2V4?>2V40;L=>ABV - >4=0 7 ?@8G8= 28A>:8E ?>A04>28E >:;04V2 C 04<V=VAB@0B82=>-C?@02;V=AL:>3> 0?0@0BC.=0;V7CNG8 ABC?V=L 45;53C20==O ?>2=>2065=L 2 &5=B@V =0 >A=>2V 28I5 @>73;O=CB8E ?@02, >1>2'O7:V2 V 2V4?>2V4=>ABV ?>A04>28E >AV1 2 FV9 >@30=V70FVW, 10G8<>, I> 35=5@0;L=89 48@5:B>@ "'5@:0A8?>HB0" 45;53CT ?>2=>2065==O :><5@FV9=><C 48@5:B>@>2V &5=B@C, I> 28@060TBLAO 2 =040==V ?@020 4VOB8 2V4 V<5=V =0 >A=>2V 4VNG>3> ">;>65==O ?@> &5=B@ "">@3?@5A0"" 157 >:@5<>3> 4>@CG5==O =0 F5, ?> ?8B0==OE, I> 2V4=>AOBLAO 4> :><?5B5=FVW &5=B@C. >2=>2065==O ?5@540NBLAO :><5@FV9=><C 48@5:B>@>2V @07>< 7 2V4?>2V40;L=VABN 70 28:>=0==O =0:;045=8E =0 :>3> 70240=L, ><5@FV9=89 48@5:B>@ 45;53CT ?>2=>2065==O 3>;>2=><C 1CE30;B5@C, 5:>=><VABC, =0G0;L=8:C B>@3>2>3> 2V44V;C, V=65=5@C 7 >E>@>=8 ?@0FV, V=A?5:B>@C ?> :04@0<, B0 =0G0;L=8:C 2V44V;C 28@>1=8G>-B5E=VG=>3> 70157?5G5==O V 3@C?8 ?> @5<>=BC >1;04=0==O 2 <560E WE DC=:FV9 , >1>2'O7:V2 V 2V4?>2V4=>ABV, 0 2>=8 2 A2>N G5@3C ?5@540NBL WE A2>W< ?V4;53;8<. "0:8< G8=>< :><5@FV9=89 48@5:B>@ @>7?>4V;OT A5@54 A?V2@>1VB=8:V2 25;8:C :V;L:VABL 70240=L, O:V ?>28==V 1CB8 28:>=0=V 4;O 4>AO3=5==O FV;59 2AVTW >@30=V70FVW, I> ?5@5410G5=V 4VNG8< ">;>65==O< ?@> &5=B@ "">@3?@5A0" . "0:0 ?5@540G0 ?>2=>2065=L =07820TBLAO ;V=V9=8<8 ?>2=>2065==O<8.[20, A. 314] 5@V2=8:, I> <0T ;V=V9=V ?>2=>2065==O, <0T B0:>6 ?@02> ?@89<0B8 ?52=V @VH5==O V 4VOB8 C 287=0G5=8E ?8B0==OE 157 ?>3>465==O 7 V=H8<8 :5@V2=8:0<8 2 B8E <560E, O:V 2AB0=>2;5=V >@30=V70FVTN V ?5@5410G5=V ?>A04>28<8 V=AB@C:FVO<8 B0 ?>;>65==O<8 ?@> 2V44V;.02545<> :>=:@5B=89 ?@8:;04 ?5@540GV ;V=V9=8E ?>2=>2065=L 2 &5=B@V: B0: 2 ?@020 :><5@FV9=>3> 48@5:B>@0 2E>48BL ?5@52V@:0 DV;V9 ?V4?@8T<AB20 ?>HB>2>3> 72'O7:C 2 <560E A2>WE ?>2=>2065=L, 2V= 2 A2>N G5@3C
Сторінки: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24